Oral Cancer Symptons

Oral cancer, also known as mouth cancer, refers to cancer that develops in any part of the oral cavity, including the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, sinuses, and pharynx (throat). Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes. Here’s an overview of the risk factors, symptoms, prevention, and treatment of oral cancer:

Risk Factors for Oral Cancer

1. Tobacco Use:
   • • Smoking: Cigarettes, cigars, and pipes.
     • Smokeless Tobacco: Chewing tobacco, snuff, and other forms of smokeless tobacco.
2. Alcohol Consumption:
   • • Heavy Drinking: Excessive alcohol use increases the risk of oral cancer, especially when combined with tobacco use.
3. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection:
   • • HPV: Certain strains of HPV, particularly HPV-16, are associated with oropharyngeal cancers.
4. Sun Exposure:
   • • Lip Cancer: Prolonged exposure to sunlight increases the risk of lip cancer.
5. Age and Gender:
   • • Age: Most cases occur in people over the age of 40.
     • Gender: Men are more likely to develop oral cancer than women.
6. Diet:
   • • Poor Nutrition: Diets low in fruits and vegetables may increase the risk.
7. Genetic Predisposition:
   • • Family History: A family history of cancer can be a risk factor.
8. Weakened Immune System:
   • • Immunosuppression: Conditions or medications that weaken the immune system can increase the risk.

Symptoms of Oral Cancer

1. Sores and Ulcers:
   • • Persistent sores on the lips, gums, or inside the mouth that do not heal.
2. Lumps and Thickening:
   • • Unexplained lumps or thickened areas in the mouth or throat.
3. Red or White Patches:
   • • Red or white patches on the gums, tongue, tonsils, or lining of the mouth.
4. Pain and Numbness:
   • • Pain or numbness in the mouth or on the lips.
5. Difficulty Swallowing or Chewing:
   • • Problems with swallowing, chewing, or moving the jaw or tongue.
6. Speech Difficulties:
   • • Changes in speech or voice.
7. Ear Pain:
   • • Persistent pain in one ear without hearing loss.
8. Weight Loss:
   • • Unexplained weight loss.

Prevention of Oral Cancer

1. Avoid Tobacco
   • • Quit Smoking: Refrain from using all forms of tobacco.
2. Limit Alcohol Consumption:
   • • Drink Moderately: If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
3. Protect Against HPV:
   • • HPV Vaccine: Get vaccinated against HPV.
     • Safe Practices: Practice safe sex to reduce the risk of HPV infection.
4. Sun Protection:
   • • Lip Balm with SPF: Use lip balm or sunscreen on your lips when outdoors.
     • Shade and Hats: Wear wide-brimmed hats to protect your lips from sun exposure.
5. Healthy Diet:
   • • Fruits and Vegetables: Eat a diet rich in fruits and vegetables.
6. Regular Dental Check-Ups:
   • • Screening: Regular dental visits can help detect early signs of oral cancer.

Early detection and treatment are key to improving the prognosis for oral cancer. If you notice any persistent symptoms or have concerns about your risk of oral cancer contact the Sussex Emergency Dentist or visit your GP as soon as possible.